For everyday texts, such as business reports, blogs, or college papers, there are some techniques you can use to proofread efficiently and effectively before sharing your work. However, in texts that don’t need to be formatted for mass printing, there is often more overlap between the steps. Some editorial services combine copy editing and proofreading into a single stage (sometimes called proof-editing), where grammar, syntax and style are addressed at the same time as minor spelling and punctuation errors.ĭiscover proofreading & editing Proofreading tips and tricksīasic proofreading skills are important for anyone who writes. A separate proofread of the final print version is necessary, especially because new typographical errors can be introduced during production. In the traditional publishing process, the stages are clearly divided, with different professionals responsible for each revision. You don’t need to strictly follow the division of tasks shown above, but a good piece of writing will nearly always go through a similar process of revising, editing and proofreading.

It depends on the type and length of text. In print publishing, proofreaders are also responsible for checking the formatting (e.g. Polishing individual sentences to ensure correct grammar, clear syntax, and stylistic consistency, often following the rules of a specific style guide (such as APA or MLA).Ĭopy editors don’t change the content of a text, but if a sentence or paragraph is ambiguous or awkward, they can work with the author to improve it.Ĭarefully checking for any remaining errors, such as misspelled words, misplaced punctuation, and stylistic inconsistencies. This might involve changing words, phrases and sentences and restructuring paragraphs to improve the flow of the text. Revising the use of language to communicate your story, ideas, or arguments as effectively as possible. Revising an early draft of a text, often making significant changes to the content and moving, adding or deleting entire sections (also known as developmental or substantive editing). The four stages of editing and proofreading Type of editing The table below shows some common steps in the editing process.

Often a text will go through several stages of editing before it is proofread. Editing can involve major changes to content, structure and language, but proofreading focuses only on minor errors and inconsistencies. Editing and proofreading are different steps in the process of revising a text.

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